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Bănia - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Bănia

de la Enciclopedia României

Salt la: navigare, căutare
Satul
Bănia

Comuna Bănia
Judeţul Caraş-Severin (CS)

Stema judetului Caras-Severin.png
Atestare 1484
Populaţie 1.313 locuitori
Cod poştal 327010

Împărţirea administrativ-teritorială a României

Bănia este un sat în judeţul Caraş-Severin, centru administrativ al comunei cu acelaşi nume. Are o populaţie de 1.313 locuitori (2002).

Localizare

Se situează în zona etnografică Valea Almăjului, în depresiunea Almăj, la poalele munţilor Almăj. Se învecinează cu Bozovici la nord, Eftimie Murgu la est şi Gârbovăţ la vest. Cel mai apropiat oraş este Anina, la aproximativ 80 km nord.

Istorie

Prima atestare documentară a localităţii datează din 1484, cu ocazia unei tranzacţii cu pământuri în favoarea unui anume Iacob de Gârlişte, la care participă şi Ladislau de Bănia, în calitate de vecin. Cercetările arheologice de pe vatra satului au scos la iveală mai multe monede romane şi este posibil ca aici să fi existat un castru roman. La 1690-1700 se numea Bandia şi aparţinea de districtul Almăj. Pe harta contelui Mercy din 1723 este arătată ca fiind locuită de români. Astfel, după alungarea turcilor din Banat, Bănia a avut pentru o perioadă lungă de timp rol de reşedinţă a plasei Bozovici. Din acest punct de vedere a jucat un rol important pentru valea Almăjului.

În trecut, satul era format din trei cătune: Tâlva, Prigor şi Cracotar. Biserica a fost construită în 1779 iar şcoala la 1783.

Populaţie

La recensământul din 2002, localitatea Bănia avea 1.313 locuitori dintre care 1.281 români, 30 ţigani, un ucrainean şi un sârb.

Obiective turistice

  • Muzeul sătesc (arheologie, istorie locală, numismatică, etnografie)
  • Biserica cu hramul „Naşterea Maicii Domnului”, care datează din 1779.

Bibliografie

  • Lotreanu, Ioan, Monografia Banatului, Institutul de Arte Grafice „Ţara”, Timişoara, 1935
  • Varga, E., Statistică recensăminte după limba maternă, respectiv naţionalitate, jud. Caraş-Severin 1880 - 2002, [1]